Bachelor of medicine, Bachelor of surgery - MBBS (Medicinae Baccalaureus and Bachelor of Surgery) is a 5.5 year expert path for which the scholars are offered the ranges in medication and surgical procedure upon a success final touch of the path. The path ambitions at supplying first-class training and education to college students to assist make contributions to the developing zone of health and remedy. The route is regulated through the medical Council of India and is spanned for 4 and 1/2 years divided into semesters, followed by means of a compulsory internship for 12 months. The syllabus, prescribed in such a way that MBBS degree holders can choose a specialisation for further majoring and practising medicine. The career specialisations for MBBS students are Nephrology, Cardiology, Gynaecology, Anaesthesiology, Organ Transplant, Endocrine, and General Surgery, etc.

M.D. Anatomy or Doctor of Medicine in Anatomy is a 3 year post graduate course. The course provides the basic framework and vocabulary used in all descriptions and communications about the body. Anatomy is the specialized branch of medicine that deals with the structure of the human body. Course includes Gross and Regional Anatomy, Osteology, Anthropology, Mycology, Systemic Anatomy, Neuroanatomy, Applied and Clinical Anatomy, General & Systemic Embryology, Comparative Embryology, Principles of Genetics, General Histology, Histology of Organs & Structure, Staining Techniques, Outline of Evolution, Comparative Anatomy, Physical Anthropology, Radiological Anatomy, Surface Anatomy, Surface marking of Human Body etc.

M.D. Physiology is a 3 year postgraduate Physiology course. Physiology is the science of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of humans, their organs, and the cells of which they are composed. The course is related to anatomy; anatomy is the study of form, and physiology is the study of function. Due to the frequent connection between form and function, physiology and anatomy are intrinsically linked and are studied in tandem as part of a medical curriculum.

M.D. Biochemistry or Doctor of Medicine in Biochemistry is a 3 year postgraduate course. Biochemistry is the study of the structure, composition, and chemical reactions of substances in living systems. Biochemistry emerged as a separate discipline when scientists combined biology with organic, inorganic, or physical chemistry and began to study such topics as how living things obtain energy from food, the chemical basis of heredity, and what fundamental changes occur in disease. Biochemistry is applied to medicine, dentistry, and veterinary medicine. In food science, biochemists research ways to develop abundant and inexpensive sources of nutritious foods, determine the chemical composition of foods, and develop methods to extract nutrients from waste products, or invent ways to prolong the shelf life food products. In agriculture, biochemists study the interaction of herbicides with plants. They examine the structure-activity relationships of compounds, determine their ability to inhibit growth, and evaluate the toxicological effects on surrounding life.

MD Radiology or radiotherapy is a 3- year long postgraduate course in medicine. As part of the curriculum, students are offered advanced insight into subjects such as Radio Physics, Basic Concepts, Production of X-Rays, and Interaction of Radiation with Matter, Radiation Detection and Measurement, Radiography, Fluoroscopy, Special Radiography, Computed Tomography, Ultrasonography etc.

M.D. Psychiatry is a 3 year postgraduate Psychiatry course. A psychiatrist is a physician (a medical doctor-either an MD or a DO) who specializes in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mental, addictive, and emotional disorders. The Course helps to train the medical, psychological, and social components of mental, emotional, and behavioural disorders and utilize a broad range of treatment modalities; including diagnostic tests, prescribing medications, psychotherapy, and helping patients and their families cope with stress and crises. The course includes neurobiology, biopsychology, prescription of psychiatric drugs and diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders.

M.D. Radio diagnosis is a 3 year postgraduate Radiography course. Radio diagnosis is a medical science branch focuses on the use of radiation, ultrasound and magnetic resonance in medicinal practices. It relates to anatomy, pathology, physiology and interventional procedure. The course deals with allergic contrast reactions & be aware of resuscitation methods and helps to acquired good Basic knowledge in the various sub-specialties of radiology such as Neuro-radiology, GI-radiology, Uro-radiology, Vascular-radiology, Musculoskeletal, Interventional radiology, Emergency radiology, Paediatric Radiology and Mammography. The course is an important one that opens many career scopes for them after its completion.

MD in Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology is a 3 year post graduate course. Eligibility to which is clearing bachelor’s degree such as MBBS, DMS, BHMS, and BDS etc. Admission for this course is on the basis of rank that is obtained in the entrance test conducted.

This course MD in Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology consists of major subjects which include topics like immunology of dermatological diseases, cellular and molecular inflammation, skin genetics, skin structure and development of skin, basic reactions of skin, repair and carcinogenesis. Major Job profiles and designation after MD in Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology is professor, Skin specialist, Therapy manager, sales coordinator, Clinical application specialist etc.

M.D. Pharmacology is a 3 year postgraduate course. Pharmacology is the branch of medicine and biology concerned with the study of drug action where a drug can be broadly defined as any man-made, natural, or endogenous (within the cell) molecule which exerts a biochemical and or physiological effect on the cell, tissue, organ, or organism.

M.D. Microbiology is a 3 year postgraduate course. Candidates acquire the knowledge in the sub-specialties of Bacteriology including Micro bacteriology, Virology, Parasitological, Immunology, and Serology & Mycology to be able to deal with diagnosis and prevention of infectious diseases in the community. Subjects studied under this degree are general microbiology, human immunology, mycology and bacterial pathogenesis.

M.D. Anaesthesia or Doctor of Medicine in Anaesthesia is a 3 year postgraduate Anaesthesia course. Anaesthesia means the utilization of drugs that minimize pain by causing insensibility. During the course, students learn about areas such as ambulatory anaesthesia, cardiothoracic anesthesiology, paediatric anaesthesiology, neuro-anaesthesia, obstetrical anesthesiology and pain management. Anaesthesia controls pain during surgery or other medical procedures. It includes using medicines, and sometimes closes monitoring, to keep you comfortable. It can also help control breathing, blood pressure, blood flow, and heart rate and rhythm when needed. Some of the types of Anaesthesia are local anaesthesia, regional anaesthesia and general anaesthesia. The duration of the course is two years and it is an important and job orienting in nature.

Doctor of Medicine in Paediatrics is a 3 year post graduation course. Paediatrics is the branch of medicine that deals with the medical care of infants, children, and adolescents, and the age limit usually ranges from birth up to 18.

M.D. Pathology or Doctor of Medicine in Pathology is a 3 year postgraduate course. Pathology is the study and diagnosis of disease through examination of organs, tissues, bodily fluids, and whole bodies (autopsies). Areas of study include cellular adaptation to injury, necrosis, and inflammation, wound healing, and neoplasia. The course helps the candidates to be able to perform procedures designated for laboratory detection of diseases. The course deals with effects, development, processes and causes of diseases. Subjects studied under this degree are Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology, Medical Genetics and Neuroscience.

M.D. or Doctor of Medicine is a 3 year postgraduate Medicine course. The course is based on gaining an in-depth knowledge of one's chosen field of specialisation. The duration of the Doctor of Medicine course is 3 years of study including the successful completion of an exam that covers both theoretical and practical elements. The examination for M.D. is held at the end of 3 academic years which includes 6 academic terms. M.D. course is more practical oriented, and research-based, as compared to M.B.B.S. Medical Council of India, is the authority which approves and recognises various Institutes to provide Doctor of Medicine Degree Course. Since the course involves the deeper study of relevant subjects, one needs to be prepared for mind-boggling study. It is amongst the popular courses pursued by medical graduates, primarily because of a high salary package.

M.S. Ophthalmology is a 3 year postgraduate course. Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the eye. An ophthalmologist is a specialist in medical and surgical eye problems. The course includes orbital and ocular anatomy, Gross anatomy, Histology, Ocular Physiology, Ocular Pathology, Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology with reference to ocular immunology. The course also imparts the opportunities for ophthalmologic research in clinical surgery settings like fine microsurgery, using the operating microscope, and intraocular surgery or vitreoretinal surgery of the eye.

M.S. General Surgery is a 3 year postgraduate Surgery course. Surgery is a branch of medical science that treats disease or injury by operative procedures. General Surgery is a subfield of Surgery which deals with the surgical treatment of abdominal organs, e.g. intestines inclusive esophagus, stomach, colon, liver and furthermore of the thyroid gland and hernia. Though the course has been termed as ‘General Surgery’, it is not as much a General as one would expect as it involves surgical procedure involving including appendicitis, hernias, gallbladder surgeries, stomach and intestinal issues.

M.S. Obstetrics & Gynaecology or Master of Surgery in Obstetrics & Gynaecology is a 3 year postgraduate Obstetrics course. Obstetrics and Gynaecology are the two surgical–medical specialties dealing with the female reproductive organs in their pregnant and non-pregnant state, respectively, and as such are often combined to form a single medical specialty and postgraduate training program. Course includes Obstetrics Pathology, Gynaecological Pathology, Operative Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Medical & Surgical Diseases, Complication in Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Social Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Abnormal Pregnancies, Common Disorders & Systemic Diseases Associated with Pregnancy, Common Obstetrical Operations, Infant Care, Neonatal hygiene, Breastfeeding, Artificial feeding, Management of premature child, Asphyxia, Birth injuries, Common Disorders of New Born etc.

M.S. Orthopaedics is a 3 year postgraduate course. Orthopaedics is the branch of surgery concerned with acute, chronic, traumatic, and overuse injuries and other disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Orthopaedic surgeons address most musculoskeletal ailments including arthritis, trauma and congenital deformities using both surgical and non-surgical means. Orthopaedics covers that how to diagnose and treat diseases related to bones and joints such as all kinds of cervical spondylosis, bone tumour, spinal cord injury, rheumatoid arthritis, congenital diseases related to bones and joints, complex limb fractures and fractures that do not get healed.

MS in ENT or Otorhinolaryngology is a 3- year postgraduate course in medicine pursued upon completion of MBBS with a 1-year internship. Otolaryngology or ENT (ear, nose and throat) is a division of medicine which involves the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose and throat disorders. Subjects studied as part of this course are Anatomy and Physiology of the ear, nose, and throat, Pathophysiology of common disorders of the ear, nose and throat, and research-based evidence generation.

Diploma in Child Health (DCH) is a post graduate diploma course of 2 years duration which deals with the nursing care of infants, children and also adolescents at the community level as well as at primary and secondary levels of health care. A person with an MBBS degree can get admission into this course.

PG Diploma in Dermatology is a 2 year Dermatology course. Dermatology comprises 25% of a General Practitioner’s workload. Most skin conditions should be treated in a general practice setting. This course is for practising doctors, either in family practice, or doctors training in a family or general medicine. It is career orienting in nature that opens many job scopes after passing it both in government and private sectors.

Post Graduate Diploma in Gynaecology and Obstetrics (DGO) is a postgraduate level Obstetrics Diploma course which is 2 year of duration. Candidate should have passed MBBS from any Medical college which is recognized by the medical council of India. They should have completed 1 year of compulsory rotating internship.

This program prepares medical faculty in specialty associated with the discipline of obstetrics and gynecology. The aforesaid program coupled with clinical training enables the practicing grad and to be dexterous at the surgical management of the entire scope of clinical pathology pertaining to female reproductive organs and provide care for both non-pregnant and pregnant patients. Gynecology and obstetrics relate to the study of female reproductive organs in pregnant and non-pregnant condition. Gynecology syllabus includes though not restrained to obstetrics pathology, pregnancy-related common diseases, and abnormalities during pregnancies, gynecological pathology, obstetrical operations, infant care, breastfeeding and artificial feeding, premature child treatment, general diseases of newborns, labor complications and so on. The program incorporates scope for a research study of clinical and surgical training in gynecology.

P.G. Diploma in Otorhinolaryngology abbreviated as D.L.O. is a 2 year postgraduate Diploma ENT programme. Otorhinolaryngology also was known as Otolaryngology, is the branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose, throat, as well as head and neck disorders. Post Graduate Diploma in Otorhinolaryngology course is meant to produce a competent Otolaryngologist who recognizes the health needs of ENT patients and carries out professional obligations in keeping with principles of National Health Policy and professional ethics. After this course candidate will recognize the key importance of deafness control programme in the context of health priority of the country. It helps to take detailed history; perform physical and local ENT examination including, Indirect Laryngoscopy, Anterior, Posterior rhinoscopy, otoscopy, audiometric assessment and interpretation. 

Post Graduate Diploma in Anaesthesia is a postgraduate level Diploma course which is a 2 year of duration. Candidate should have passed MBBS from any Medical college which is recognized by the medical council of India. They should have completed 1 year of compulsory rotating internship.

Anaesthesia is the study of use and effects of various kinds of anaesthetics to human beings. It imparts the basics of intensive trans-physio therapy, pharmacology and pharmacodynamics of inhaling anaesthetics, anaesthesia in traumatology and orthopaedics, paediatrics and neonatology, toxicology and the likes others. The Diploma course is offered by many institutes in the country due to its importance in medical fields. The course is career orienting in nature that opens various jobs in the health-care field.

PG Diploma in Medical Radio Diagnosis or DMRD is a 2-year diploma course pursued after graduation by medical aspirants. The course imparts in-depth knowledge of Radiology which is a division of medicine. Radiology uses imaging techniques such as X-rays, MRI and CT scan. These tests are conducted to diagnose a patient for treating the disease. This is a specialty of medical field and is growing rapidly.

PG Diploma in Orthopaedics is a 2 year post graduation level course. It commonly abbreviated as D.Ortho. Orthopaedics is a field of medicine that relates to specialists dealing with conditions involving the musculoskeletal system. Post Graduate Diploma in Orthopaedics provides the appropriate content for orthopaedic trainees and advanced therapists. Students gain the skills and qualification to compete for specialist posts in orthopaedics within the government established medical organizations and private practice. The clinical practice includes the clinical examination and evaluation of individual patients in order to prescribe and deliver the appropriate prosthesis or orthotic to each individual patient.

Post Graduate Diploma in Psychiatric Medicine (DPM) is a postgraduate level Diploma course which is a 2 year of duration. Candidate should have passed MBBS from any Medical college which is recognized by the medical council of India. They should have completed 1 year of compulsory rotating internship.

The Course helps to train the medical, psychological, and social components of mental, emotional, and behavioural disorders and utilize a broad range of treatment modalities; including diagnostic tests, prescribing medications, psychotherapy, and helping patients and their families cope with stress and crises. The course includes neurobiology, biopsychology, prescription of psychiatric drugs and diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders. The syllabus for the course is divided into six semesters and it is career orienting in nature.

M. Ch. in Urology which a 3-5 year postgraduate/super speciality course. Master of Chirurgiae in Urology is Post Graduate Academic Degree awarded for a program in the field of surgery. This training program is designed to prepare physicians to evaluate, understand, and manage medical and surgical aspects of genitourinary disorders. The curriculum includes basic and clinical research in renovascular hypertension, adult and pediatric urinary tract infection, treatment of urinary incontinence, neurourology, urinary tract physiology, anatomy and cellular biology of the prostate gland, and genitourinary oncology.

The duration of M. Ch. Urology is 3-5 years and it may be change depending on the qualification you have, ie M.Ch. is a super speciality course, aspiring candidates can pursue Master of Chirurgiae degree after MBBS as a 5 year course. Also, such candidates who are in possession of their MS degree can opt for M.Ch. as a 3 year course after completion of MS.

Ph.D. Microbiology is 3- 5 year Doctorate course.  The duration of the program is minimum of 3 years from the date of registration and maximum of 5 years. Microbiology is the study of microorganisms, which are microscopic, unicellular, and cell-cluster organisms. This includes eukaryotes such as fungi and protists, and prokaryotes. Viruses and prions, though not strictly classed as living organisms, are also studied. Microbiology typically includes the study of the immune system, or Immunology.

Ph.D. Biochemistry is 3- 5 year Doctorate course. The duration of the program is minimum of 3 years from the date of registration and maximum of 5 years. Regarding Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, it is the study of chemical processes in living organisms, including, but not limited to, living matter.

Ph. D in Pharmacology is a 3-5 year course. The duration of the program is minimum of 3 years from the date of registration and maximum of 5 years. Pharmacology is a science that examines the effects of the drug on the body, looking at such issues as how the drug works, its safety, whether it affects one organ or area of the body more than another, and what common adverse experiences (AEs) are associated with its use. It is subjective in nature and undertakes the research work in depth. More clearly, it is the study of the interactions that occur between a living organism and chemicals that affect normal or abnormal biochemical function.